Keywords
Nursing care
Primary prevention
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular risk
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction: The role of the nursing field as an educator and placing greater emphasis on the prevention and control of cardiovascular disease are key to achieving interventions that address genetic, environmental and behavioral risk as contributing factors in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. Objective: Describe the role of nursing professionals in primary prevention interventions for cardiovascular diseases in the adult population. Methodology: Literature review including 4 stages: search and selection, compilation and evaluation, eligibility criteria and synthesis. The search was performed in PubMed, Scielo and Lilacs. Inclusion criteria included articles published from 2011 to 2021, primary research, clinical trials, randomized controlled trial, nurse-led interventions, practice guidelines, protocols, systematic reviews and meta-analyses were excluded. In the end, 64 articles were selected and seven met the criteria. Results: Nursing professionals were identified as the main members included in cardiovascular care, who played a key role in promoting healthy lifestyles and reducing cardiovascular risk. Three categories emerged, i.e., interventions focused on lifestyle, education and self-care, which included habit promotion, promotion and prevention, reduction of anthropometric, clinical and biochemical variables; in the end, only one intervention was guided by a nursing theory. Conclusions: The roles of nursing professionals within the first level of care interventions evidenced that cardiovascular health improves significantly from different approaches, i.e., lifestyle, education, and self-care.
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